Frederick herzberg the hygiene motivation theory thinker 001 frederick herzberg 19232000 was a us clinical psychologist who later became professor of management at utah university. He is most famous for introducing job enrichment and the motivator hygiene theory. Herzberg s theory frederick herzbergs motivationhygiene theory on job satisfaction is considered to be one of the most revolutionary research in this arena. Learn about herzbergs motivators and hygiene factors, one of the most. Herzbergs twofactor theory of motivation in 1959, frederick herzberg, a behavioural scientist proposed a twofactor theory or the motivatorhygiene theory. To test the effectiveness of hygienemotivation factors on. These factors are hygiene factors and motivating factors. Herzbergs theory explains the factors that lead to motivation and demotivation. Pdf herzbergs motivation hygiene theory applied to high. Herzberg twofactor theory of motivation or explains how hygiene factors impact your project teams motivation. Accordingly, herzberg s twofactor theory posits that a good leader would give motivation to the members of staff in the organisation so that they would do their job well yusoff et al. Herzbergs motivation hygiene theory applied to high school. Satisfaction, which is first and foremost the result of the motivator factors. He is noted for among other things his ideas on job enrichment, enlargement and rotation.
He conducted his research by asking a group of people about their good and bad experiences at work. Frederick herzbergs twofactor theory is also known as the motivationhygiene theory. Frederick herzbergs well known twofactor theory was designed in year 1959. The first piece of research that interests us was undertaken by fredrick herzberg in 1959 to investigate satisfaction at work. Another classic theory is frederick herzbergs motivational theory which identified motivation and hygiene factors. Frederick irving herzberg april 18, 1923 january 19, 2000 was an american psychologist who became one of the most influential names in business management. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory of motivation as pointed by vroom 1964, the word motivation is derived from the latin word movere, which means to move. Herzbergs two factor theory of motivation theory of. Jan 20, 2014 all about two factor theory two factor theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that causes in job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. Herzberg proposed the motivationhygiene theory, also known as the two factor theory 1959 of job satisfaction. This paper critically examines frederick herzbergs twofactor theory and assesses its application and relevance in understanding the essential factors that motivate the ghanaian worker. What is the herzberg two factor theory of motivation. Frederick herzberg 19232000 was a us clinical psychologist who later became professor of management at.
Archived from the original pdf on february 22, 2015. However, his ideas on motivation in the hygienemotivation theory are particularly useful to our understanding of what motivates. Motivation and hygiene factors require a strategic balance to approach the employees so that they feel satisfied with their job and be productive for the organization. Understanding what motivates people in all walks of life is basic to all who aspire to management. These factors are satisfiers motivational and dissatisfy maintenance or hygiene. These results form the basis of herzberg s motivation hygiene theory sometimes known as herzberg s two factor theory. Twofactor theory of motivation hygiene and motivational. Herzbergs two factor theory of motivation theory of motivation. The herzbergs motivationhygiene theory is given by fredrick herzberg and his associates, who studied the variables that are perceived to be desirable to achieve goals and the undesirable conditions to avoid. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory and job satisfaction.
Motivationhygiene theory is a system made up of dual continuums of satisfiers motivation and dissatisfiers hygiene n. According to his theory, people are influenced by two sets of factors. According to maslows hierarchy of needs, human needs can be classified into. Herzbergs hygienemotivation theory is derived from the outcomes of several. Provenmodels motivationhygiene theory frederick herzberg. Pdf application of frederick herzbergs twofactor theory. In other words, not that low salary can make an employee to. Kwasi and amoako 2011 justified, through exploratory literature, for application of herzberg s theory in ghana context given relevancy of hygiene and motivation factors and africa in general to. Kita was used by herzberg to explain why managers dont motivate employees.
Herzberg motivation theory satisfied and motivated. Frederick herzberg motivationhygiene theory explained hrf. The results show that hygiene factors were the dominant motivators of sales. One of the best known of all the writers on motivation is herzberg. This theory, also called the motivation hygiene theory or the dualfactor theorywas penned by frederick herzberg in herzberg s theory challenged the assumption that dissatisfaction was a result of an absence of factors giving rise to satisfaction. Frederick herzbergs two factor motivation theory businessballs. Oct 26, 2014 maslow theory talks about the needs that are to be fulfilled in order to motivate a person while herzberg theory talks about the causes of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Frederick herzbergs twofactor theory, also known as motivationhygiene theory or intrinsic vs. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theo ry, also known as the twofactor theory has received widespread attention of havin g a practical approach toward motivatin g employees.
Herzberg s motivation theory model, or two factor theory, provides two factors that affect motivation in the workplace. In this context, the study was conducted wherein the experiences and feelings of 200 engineers and accountants were analyzed. Fredrick herzberg and his associates developed the motivation hygiene theory, commonly known as the two factor theory, in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The twofactor theory of motivation is the psychological motivation theory, established in late 1950s by frederick herzberg and based on human needs.
Understanding herzbergs motivation theory by john ball 03 oct 2003 understanding what motivates people in all walks of life is basic to all who aspire to management. One such theory of motivation is herzberg s two factor theory. These results form the basis of herzbergs motivationhygiene theory sometimes known as herzbergs two factor theory. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory is developed by professor frederick irving herzberg in year 1959 herzberg, 1966. Frederick herzberg is renowned for the development of his motivator hygiene theory. Frederick herzbergs motivational theory, identified motivation and hygiene factors. Dissatisfied include the factors of company policy and administration, salary, supervision, working conditions, interpersonal relations. Frederick herzberg the hygiene motivation theory cmi. According to this theory, along with certain factors that cause job satisfaction, there are factors that cause dissatisfaction from work. His study led to the herzberghygiene theory, which is also known as the herzberg two factor theory. Kwasi and amoako 2011 justified, through exploratory literature, for application of herzbergs theory in ghana context given relevancy of hygiene and motivation factors and africa in general to. Herzbergs motivatorhygiene theory provided great stimulus to the investigators for advancing research on job satisfaction 3. Herzbergs theory of hygiene factors management skills courses.
Application of frederick herzbergs twofactor theory in assessing. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory two factor theory. This theory was created to offer an explanation for either the satisfaction or dissatisfaction that is being experienced. These attempt to explain the factors that motivate individuals through identifying and satisfying their individual needs, desires and the aims pursued to satisfy these desires. The twofactor theory of motivation explains the factors that employees find satisfying and dissatisfying about their jobs. Herzbergs theory of hygiene factors management skills. The presence of these factors prevents dissatisfaction and helps to maintain status quo hence also called maintenance factors. The twofactor theory also known as herzbergs motivationhygiene theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. This report presents a summary of the herzberg twofactor theory c job satisfaction.
This paper critically examines frederick herzbergs twofactor theory and assesses its application and relevance in understanding the essential. However, frederick herzbergs theory which states that what he terms hygiene job context factors contribute to dissatisfaction while motivator. Herzbergs twofactor theory argues that the twofactor theory is crucial for an efficient workforce. For this purpose herzberg recommends focusing on hygiene factors to avoid job dissatisfaction and focus on motivation factors to stimulate job. According to herzberg, there are some job factors that result in satisfaction while there are other job factors that prevent dissatisfaction. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory, also known as the twofactor theory, states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction and these factors act independently of each other. The name hygiene factors is used because, like hygiene, the presence will not make you healthier, but absence can cause health deterioration. The psychologist frederick irving herzberg 19232000 extended the work of maslow and proposed a new motivation theory popularly known as herzbergs motivation hygiene twofactor theory herzberg conducted a widely reported motivational study on 200 accountants and engineers employed by firms in and around western pennsylvania. Jun 26, 20 understanding herzbergs motivation theory by john ball 03 oct 2003 understanding what motivates people in all walks of life is basic to all who aspire to management. Herzbergs theory frederick herzbergs motivationhygiene theory on job satisfaction is considered to be one of the most revolutionary research in this arena.
Frederick herzberg is renowned for the development of his motivatorhygiene theory. Experiment or research study on employees by herzberg the twofactor theory also known as herzbergs motivationhygiene theory and dualfactor theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. His overriding interest in mental health stemmed from his belief that mental health is the core issue of our times. How do you motivate employees, the conclusions he drew were extraordinarily influential, and still form the bedrock of good motivational practice nearly half a century later. Herzbergs motivation theory is based on two types of factors. The main contribution of this research is herzbergs theory of motivation. Frederick herzbergs motivatorhygience theory essay. However, frederick herzbergs theory which states that what he terms hygiene job context factors contribute to dissatisfaction while motivator job content factors. His theory stands on the ground that employees need to get satisfied with their job and avoid job dissatisfaction. To put things simply, a motivated employee is more likely to be productive. The two factor theory of motivation by frederick herzberg.
The twofactor theory developed from data collected by. This theory of motivation is known as a two factor content theory. He demonstrated that employees are not motivated by being kicked figuratively speaking, or by being given more money or benefits, a comfortable environment or reducing time spent at work. Herzberg and his associates conducted a research based on the interview of 200 engineers and accountants who looked for 11 different firms in pittsburgh area, u. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory and job satisfaction in. All about two factor theory two factor theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that causes in job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. Herzbergs twofactor theory of job satisfaction dtic. In this article, you will learn about how to apply herzberg theory in project management and how to control hygiene factors and leverage motivational factors. Herzbergs two factor theory and additional factors on rewards, furthermore it will also help attain useful information on elements such as autonomy and quality of behaviour of employees at the workplace and how it affects their motivation and satisfaction at work. It was developed by frederick herzberg, a psychologist, who theorized that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction act independently of each other. This theory, also called the motivationhygiene theory or the dualfactor theory, was penned by frederick herzberg in 1959. An unmotivated employee is less likely to be productive. Towards understanding controversy on herzberg theory of.
Herzberg s motivation theory is one of the content theories of motivation. Herzberg in his theory proposed that satisfaction and dissatisfaction are entirely isolated issues. Hence, herzberg developed the theory of motivationhygiene in order to explain the results of the study. Herzberg motivationhygiene theory essay graduateway. Frederick herzberg was a behavioral scientist who explored the factors that make employees feel satisfied or dissatisfied. To better understand employee attitudes and motivation, frederick herzberg performed studies to determine which factors in an employees work environment.
Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory two factor theory to better understand employee attitudes and motivation, frederick herzberg performed studies to determine which factors in an employees work environment caused satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Herzberg motivation theory proposes the hygiene theory, also known as the two factor theory of job satisfaction. One such theory of motivation is herzbergs two factor theory. Article about the life and work of frederick herzberg 19232000. Herzbergs motivators and hygiene factors studiousguy. The twofactor theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction, all of which act independently of each other. Pdf application of frederick herzbergs twofactor theory in. Unlike maslows theory, herzberg s motivationhygiene theory claims that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction result from different causes. It divides into two groups of factors known as the motivator factors and hygiene factors. The theory is also known by the name twofactor theory and dualfactor theory. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory home templates business herzbergs motivationhygiene theory sometimes called the twofactor or dualfactor theory, herzbergs motivationalhygiene theory relates some factors in the work are create job satisfactions while other factors contribute to job dissatisfaction.
One such theory is herzberg s theory of motivation. The frederick herzberg motivationhygiene theory draws a connection between attitude and motivation. This american psychologist, who was very interested in peoples motivation and job satisfaction, came up with the theory. Herzberg s twofactor theory theory of motivation and hygiene we have maslows theory, mcclellands theory, the erg theories, etc. The dual structure theory herzberg proposed the motivationhygiene theory, also known as the the dual structure theory or two factor theory 1959 of. Herzbergs twofactor theory of motivation and hygiene. This paper examines what motivates employees in the retail industry, and examines their level of job satisfaction, using herzbergs hygiene factors and motivators.
In other words, not that low salary can make an employee to feel unhappy. Frederick herzberg, hygiene factors, motivators, employee, ghana. Employee needs and motivation boundless management. In this study, convenience sampling was used to select sales personnel from womens clothing stores in bandar sunway shopping mall in the state of selangor.
In the theory, herzberg has explained certain factors relating to the workplace that cause job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. This paper examines what motivates employees in the retail industry, and examines their level of job satisfaction, using herzberg s hygiene factors and motivators. There is also a video example of how it all works in dynamics. He was a psychologist from america who became renowned worldwide for introducing the herzberg motivationhygiene theory. His research studied why people strive to achieve hygiene needs and what happens once those needs are satisfied, he found that people are not motivated by addressing hygiene needs, but by motivators, such as achievement, advancement, development, which represent a deeper level of meaning. Herzberg and his associates dropped a bombshell on the traditional view of job satisfaction by introducing motivatorhygiene theory and challenged to the established model of job satisfaction 4. Munich personal repec archive herzbergs motivationhygiene theory and job satisfaction in the malaysian retail sector. It was developed by psychologist frederick herzberg. Herzberg s hygiene theory of motivation the first piece of research that interests us was undertaken by fredrick herzberg in 1959 to investigate satisfaction at work. Frederick herzberg a wellknown management theorist developed a specific content theory of work motivation. The psychologist frederick irving herzberg 19232000 extended the work of maslow and proposed a new motivation theory popularly known as herzberg s motivation hygiene twofactor theory. Firstly, you need to eliminate the dissatisfaction theyre experiencing and, secondly, you need to help them find satisfaction. His study led to the herzberg hygiene theory, which is also known as the herzberg two factor theory.
Herzbergs motivation hygiene theory, distinction between. These theories look at needs and the concept of motivation from different functional points of view and theorize how motivation can be effectively carried out. In this context, the study was conducted wherein the experiences and feelings of 200 engineers and accountants were. Jan 24, 2014 experiment or research study on employees by herzberg the twofactor theory also known as herzberg s motivation hygiene theory and dualfactor theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. The first categories of factors, in herzbergs two factor theory are called hygiene factors. Herzberg was the first to show that satisfaction and dissatisfaction at work nearly always arose from different factors, and were not simply opposing reactions to the same factors. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory sometimes called the twofactor or dualfactor theory, herzbergs motivationalhygiene theory relates some factors in the work are create job satisfactions while other factors contribute to.
He found that there are certain characteristics that can be aligned with job satisfaction and other characteristics that are consistent with job dissatisfaction. Unlike maslows theory, herzbergs motivationhygiene theory claims that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction result from different causes. Frederick herzbergs theory of motivation and hygiene factors to improve satisfaction and avoid dissatisfaction explained clearly with diagrams and graphs. The result of this research became known as herzberg s hygiene theory or the two factor theory and showed that those factors that gave a person satisfaction at work and those. Herzberg s motivation hygiene theory of motivation as pointed by vroom 1964, the word motivation is derived from the latin word movere, which means to move. According to his theory, people are influenced by two factors. Motivating factors will encourage an employee to work harder if present. Difference between maslow and herzberg theory of motivation. Herzberg conducted a widely reported motivational study on 200 accountants and engineers employed by firms in and around western pennsylvania. The result of this research became known as herzbergs hygiene theory or the two factor theory and showed that those factors that gave a person satisfaction at work and those that resulted in dissatisfaction are quite different in nature. Hygiene factors will cause an employee to work less if not present. He published his findings in the 1959 book the motivation to work. Motivation is an internal force, dependent on the needs that drive a person to achieve.
Read this article now to learn how to apply it in practice. The psychologist fredrick herzberg asked the same question in the s and 60s as a means of understanding employee satisfaction. In 1959, frederick herzberg, a behavioural scientist proposed a twofactor theory or the motivatorhygiene theory. Maslow theory talks about the needs that are to be fulfilled in order to motivate a person while herzberg theory talks about the causes of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Herzberg proposed the motivation hygiene theory, also known as the two factor theory 1959 of job satisfaction. Herzberg s motivation hygiene theory two factor theory to better understand employee attitudes and motivation, frederick herzberg performed studies to determine which factors in an employees work environment caused satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Herzbergs two factor theory motivation hygiene theory this theory is developed by frederick herzberg and his associates, after conducting a series of interviews with 200 engineers and accountants, focusing on factors considered to be important as sources of motivation. Herzbergs motivation hygiene theory applied to high.